What is the average lifespan of a photovoltaic system?

When you decide to install a photovoltaic system , one of the most important aspects to consider is its durability over time. A photovoltaic system is an investment that can offer significant energy savings , but it is essential to understand how long it will last before requiring maintenance or component replacement. So let's see what a photovoltaic system is, what it is made of, how it works, how much it costs, how to install it and why it is convenient.

How (and where) to install a photovoltaic system and how much it costs

Installing a photovoltaic system is a process that requires attention to several factors. First of all, it is essential to choose the right position . The panels must be oriented towards the south , with an inclination of about 30-35 degrees, to maximize exposure to the sun. The roofs of houses, but also private land , are the most common places for installation. The actual installation begins with the assembly of the solar panels on the support structure, which must be sturdy and resistant to atmospheric agents. Subsequently, the panels are connected to the electrical system via cables and inverters, which convert solar energy into usable electricity. It is important that the system is connected to a protection system against overloads and short circuits.

Finally, the installation must be carried out by certified professionals to ensure safety and compliance with local regulations. A well-positioned and correctly installed photovoltaic system, despite the initial investment - the average cost is 8,000 euros - offers clean energy and long-term savings on consumption.

What is a photovoltaic system and how does it work: the components of a panel

A photovoltaic system is made up of multiple photovoltaic panels. Each photovoltaic panel is made up of several essential elements that work together to produce solar energy. The main component is the photovoltaic cell , which converts sunlight into electricity thanks to the photovoltaic effect. The cells are made of silicon, a very efficient semiconductor material. The cells are then joined in series or in parallel to form a panel. The tempered glass that covers the panel protects the solar cells from the elements, while ensuring good transparency for the passage of light. Under the cells, there is a layer of anti-reflective film , which reduces light loss and improves the efficiency of the system.

Underneath the cells is the aluminum frame , which makes the panel resistant and easy to install. In addition, the connection cable and the inverter (an external device) transform direct electricity into alternating current, ready for domestic or industrial use. Each part of a photovoltaic panel has a precise role in ensuring optimal and long-lasting solar energy production. It is good to constantly check all the components over time to be sure that the panel continues to work efficiently and without problems.

The lifespan of photovoltaic panels

The average lifespan of a photovoltaic system is generally between 20 and 30 years . Solar panels , which form the main part of the system, are designed to last for decades . Their efficiency decreases slightly over time, but with good maintenance and optimal conditions of use, the panels can operate for well over 30 years. On average, photovoltaic panels lose about 0.5% - 1% of their efficiency each year. This means that after 20-25 years, the panels could generate about 80% of the energy they initially produced and still maintain a good performance. Some manufacturers offer 25-year performance guarantees, ensuring that the panels do not drop below a certain efficiency threshold.

Inverter lifespan

Another crucial component of a photovoltaic system is the inverter , which transforms the energy produced by the panels into alternating current that can be used in the home. The lifespan of the inverter is shorter than that of the photovoltaic panels: it is generally between 10 and 15 years . Due to wear and tear and continuous operation, it may need to be replaced before other components. The lifespan of the inverter depends on various factors, including the quality of the model, maintenance and environmental conditions. A well-maintained, high-quality inverter can last longer, but in general, it is a part of the system that requires periodic attention.

Maintenance and care of the photovoltaic system

Regular maintenance is essential to extend the life of a photovoltaic system. Photovoltaic panels generally require little maintenance, but it is advisable to clean them periodically to remove dust, leaves or dirt that could reduce efficiency. It is also advisable to monitor the system using special control systems that allow you to detect any anomalies or drops in performance. The inverter, on the other hand, may require more frequent inspections. In some cases, it may be useful to have it replaced before it reaches the end of its useful life, to ensure maximum performance of the system. In general, therefore, a photovoltaic system is a long-term solution that can last between 20 and 30 years, with the solar panels continuing to produce energy for most of this period. Despite the need to replace the inverter every 10-15 years, the initial investment pays for itself over time thanks to savings on the energy bill.